abstract：:Knowledge of the basics of pediatric ECG interpretation is helpful in differentiating normal from abnormal findings. These basics include familiarity with the age-related normal findings in heart rate, intervals, axis, and waveform morphologies; an understand-ing of cardiac physiologic changes associated with age and ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Sharieff GQ,Rao SO

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bradydysrhythimas include sinus bradycardia, junctional brady-cardia, and idioventricular rhythm, which can be distinguished by examining the tracing for the presence or absence of P waves,noting the morphology of these P waves, and determining the width of the QRS complex. Sinoatrial blocks may occur in either first,...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Ufberg JW,Clark JS

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) is a life-threatening condition that is frequently encountered in standard emergency medicine practice. Traditionally, diagnosis was based on physical assessment and chest radiography and treatment focused on the use of morphine sulfate and diuretics. Numerous advances in diagnosis an...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Mattu A,Martinez JP,Kelly BS

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The porphyrias are a group of disorders involving enzymatic defects in heme synthesis. The porphyrias classically manifest neuro-visceral or photocutaneous symptoms based on which enzyme in the heme metabolic pathway is deficient. Although rare, the porphyrias would most likely be encountered in the emergency departme...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Dombeck TA,Satonik RC

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical spectrum of hyperthyroidism varies from asymptomatic,subclinical hyperthyroidism to the life-threatening "thyroid storm". Hyperthyroidism is a common form of thyroid disease that mimics many of the common complaints in the emergency department. The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is often challenging due to ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McKeown NJ,Tews MC,Gossain VV,Shah SM

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain measurement and relief is complex and should be a priority for prehospital providers and supervisors. The literature continues to prove that we are poor pain relievers, despite the high prevalence of pain in the out-of-hospital patient population. Lack of education and research, along with agent availability, con...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： McManus JG Jr,Sallee DR Jr

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:International EM development requires a comprehensive assessment of the current system and careful planning to ensure that the most important needs are addressed. Modeling a country's EM system after an existing foreign system underestimates the complex needs for instituting appropriate system interventions. Planning ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Thomas TL

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A future challenge for international EM development is expanding the specialty to Africa, where it is non-existent. Another goal for international EM development is to assist in the peace process in the Middle East. There is increasing need for good EM development throughout the world. Development of international EM ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Alagappan K,Holliman CJ

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 97% of pediatric exposures reported to the AAPCC in 2001 had either no effect or mild clinical effects. Despite the large number of exposures, only 26 of the 1074 reported fatalities occurred in children younger than age 6. These findings reflect the fact that, in contrast to adolescent or adult ingestions, ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Michael JB,Sztajnkrycer MD

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ultrasound diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis by an emergency physician is occurring with increased frequency. The examination is simple to perform and, when combined with a clinical pretest probability or D-dimer, can aid in the rapid disposition ofa patient with lower extremity pain and swelling. The technique ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Tracy JA,Edlow JA

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews current issues regarding the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) examination. Technical performance issues, decision-making and practice algorithms, fluid volume and scoring systems, proficiency and training, and the role of the FAST in pediatric trauma are covered. This article e...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Rose JS

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As more Americans venture into the wilderness, physicians will be called upon to provide care in the backcountry or austere setting. Additionally, more isolated regions of the world are becoming accessible for trekking and mountaineering. These facts imply a higher rate of injuries and medical problems within a distin...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Morton PM,Marshall JP

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heat-related illness represents a continuum of disorders from minor syndromes such as heat cramps, heat syncope, and heat exhaustion to the severely life-threatening disorder known as heat stroke. It represents an important cause of wilderness-related morbidity and mortality. ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Lugo-Amador NM,Rothenhaus T,Moyer P

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although emergency departments (ED's) vary in shape, size, and technology, similarities in responsibilities exist. The primary responsibility is to provide quality health care to the communities served. The (ED) constitutes a substantial business in any hospital. Because of changing acuity levels, patient volume, and ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Almeida SL

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous surgical complications arise from parenteral drug use. Some complications have severe sequelae and most prove to be a diagnostic challenge. It is likely that these problems will remain a significant burden on the health care system as a result of continued widespread drug abuse. EPs must always maintain vigil...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Calder KK,Severyn FA

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prompt recognition of actual or impending aortic emergencies is essential to the effective practice of emergency medicine. Understanding the pathophysiologic principles and awareness of the potential subtleties in the clinical presentations of aortic dissection, aneurysm, and occlusive disease are prerequisites to thi...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Knaut AL,Cleveland JC Jr

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The scope of gynecologic infections presenting to the emergency department is quite diverse. This article presents an update on the current literature for vaginitis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, tubo-ovarian abscesses, the Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome, herpes, and syphilis. Inadequate identification or treatm...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Zeger W,Holt K

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary edema is differentiated into two categories--cardiogenic and noncardiogenic. Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is due to changes in permeability of the pulmonary capillary membrane as a result of either a direct or an indirect pathologic process. It is a spectrum of illness ranging from the less severe form of ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Perina DG

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A better understanding of coronary syndromes allow physicians to appreciate UAP and AMI as part of a continuum of ACI. ACI is a life-threatening condition whose identification can have major economic and therapeutic importance as far as threatening dysrhythmias and preventing or limiting myocardial infarction size. Th...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Pope JH,Selker HP

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) are capable of producing massive casualties and are typically grouped into nuclear, biologic, and chemical weapons. In the wake of the September 11th disasters, attention to terrorist groups and the potential for use of WMDs has increased. Biologic and chemical weapons are relatively...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Bozeman WP,Dilbero D,Schauben JL

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transition of biphasic waveforms from ICDs to external defibrillators constitutes a significant technological advances for transthoracic defibrillation. Impedance compensation has enabled the delivery of defibrillating current adapted to each patient and each shock in the same patient. Optimally designed biphasic ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： White RD

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The landscape of acute stroke care has changed dramatically in the last decade. Even before the approval of tissue plasminogen activator for acute stroke in 1996, organized acute stroke care was initiated at several hospitals and the pharmaceutical industry was deeply entrenched in the search for neuroprotective agent...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Morris DL,Shah SM,Huff JS

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute stroke care is a multidisciplinary effort. It crosses the boundaries of traditional hospital-based medicine, relying heavily on prehospital providers to obtain a significant amount of clinical information. Currently, modifications of existing EMS systems are underway to support the idea that "time is brain." Dis...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Suyama J,Crocco T

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The threat of a BT event has catalyzed serious reflection on the troublesome issues that come with event management and triage. Such reflection has had the effect of multiplying the efforts to find solutions to what could become a catastrophic public health disaster. Management options are becoming more robust, as are...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Burkle FM Jr

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although once considered unlikely, bioterrorism is now a reality in the United States since the anthrax cases began appearing in the fall of 2001. Intelligence sources indicate there are many countries and terrorist organizations that either possess biological weapons or are attempting to procure them. In the future i...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Darling RG,Catlett CL,Huebner KD,Jarrett DG

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article updates research concerning the resuscitation of a pediatric patient. The topics discussed include the state of pediatric life support, the current guidelines, the management of those guidelines, and coping with death. ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Brown K,Bocock J

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of prospective studies have shown that physicians' estimate of clinical likelihoods of PE have predictive value. The ability of clinicians to assess the factors that determine the probability of disease based on clinical manifestations such as history and signs and symptoms at presentation, and to make bedside...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Lee LC,Shah K

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:UTIs are common, potentially severe infections that the emergency physician must manage efficiently and effectively. In most cases, this entity is well recognized, and the clinician will be confident of the correct course. However, in certain populations, complications are common, and the best therapy has yet to be pr...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Miller O 2nd,Hemphill RR

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the improvement of medical treatment for acute coronary syndromes throughout the 20th century, the authors believe that many cases of life-threatening coronary events could be avoided through early detection of CAD and the use of preventive strategies. Establishing chest pain units that are linked to the ED is...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Zalenski RJ,Grzybowski M

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The widely recognized benefits of early diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have only emphasized the importance of emergency physician (EP) competence in electrocardiographic interpretation. As such, the EP must be an expert in the interpretation of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in the emergency...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Brady WJ Jr,Aufderheide TP,Chan T,Perron AD

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acute exacerbation of HF can be treated successfully in the OU. There are significant benefits, such as admission avoidance, decreased 90-day readmissions, and decreased costs. HF requires a comprehensive management program with extensive involvement from a multidisciplinary team committed to improving care for th...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Peacock WF 4th,Albert NM

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endpoints of sedation and analgesia have been more difficult than traditional physiologic parameters to measure adequately. Several clinical scoring systems have been developed in an attempt to provide more consistent and objective assessments of sedation, but the few that have been validated are cumbersome to use...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Blackburn P,Vissers R

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Newer drugs of abuse, such as MDMA, GHB, GBL, 1,4-BD and ketamine, are frequently used in the settings of raves and are often promoted on the internet. The popularity of these agents is increasing; therefore, emergency physicians should become familiar with the clinical presentations and management of the toxicity ind...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Graeme KA

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many systemic diseases have associated oral symptoms. Occasionally, patients with these diseases present with lesions that occur primarily in the mouth. Although few systemic diseases have strictly pathognomonic lesions of the oral mucosa, a careful examination of the oral cavity can often lend important clues to maki...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Mulliken RA,Casner MJ

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Essentially, emergency medicine encompasses the efficient application of limited resources to provide timely care to patients in health crisis. The appropriate triage, management, and disposition of patients with orofacial complaints requires systematic evaluation with attention to the ABCs. The first priority is to s...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Howes DS,Dowling PJ

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health care professionals often encounter patients who refuse a recommended treatment plan. Overriding a patient's right to autonomy has ethical, legal, and moral consequences. Incapacity is the determination by a physician that a patient lacks the ability to make informed decisions about his or her health care. The f...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Miller SS,Marin DB

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The knee is one of the most commonly injured joints in the human body, and, largely because of athletic injuries, they are increasing in frequency in the United States. This article provides a brief overview of knee anatomy, examines radiographic imaging techniques and arthrocentesis of the knee, and discusses injurie...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Roberts DM,Stallard TC

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adolescents are the victims, perpetrators, and witnesses of violent acts in the home, at school, and on the streets. Adolescent violence describes a dynamic, destructive, and repercussive process. This article discusses the unique aspects of adolescent violence and the involvement undertaken by the emergency departmen...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Grausz HM,Pelucio MT

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Communication issues arise in emergency physician relationships with patients, nursing, and physician colleagues. It is important to acknowledge various perspectives in order to promote positive relationships and to avoid the social, medical, and legal hazards associated with miscommunication. This article outlines fu...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： O'Mara K

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethical issues in emergency medicine often are accompanied by legal issues. Although the legal aspects of an ethical problem are important factors to take into consideration, the law may not directly address the problem, and following the law does not always ensure an ethical outcome. Emergency physicians should have ...

journal_title：Emergency medicine clinics of North America

authors： Derse AR

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00